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Understanding the core compound behind pharmaceutical, industrial, and chemical analysis applications
Azelaic acid (BNF designation, CAS 123-99-9) is a naturally occurring saturated dicarboxylic acid with the molecular formula C₉H₁₆O₄ and a molecular weight of 188.22 g/mol. Its IUPAC name is nonanedioic acid, and it features a nine-carbon straight chain with carboxyl groups at both termini. In the British National Formulary (BNF), azelaic acid is recognized as a clinically significant active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), but its utility extends far beyond pharmacy — it is a pivotal compound in modern chemical analysis, industrial synthesis, and advanced materials science.
For chemical analysis purposes, azelaic acid BNF-grade material must meet stringent purity standards, typically ≥99.0% as determined by HPLC or GC methods. Its well-defined melting point (106–111°C), characteristic infrared absorption bands, and predictable chromatographic behavior make it an ideal reference standard and analytical reagent in laboratory settings worldwide.
Key Analytical Fact: Azelaic acid BNF-grade material serves as a primary reference standard in HPLC calibration, GC purity testing, and mass spectrometry fragmentation studies for dicarboxylic acid series analysis — a critical benchmark in both pharmaceutical QC and industrial chemical laboratories.
The analytical chemistry of azelaic acid is shaped by its bifunctional dicarboxylic acid structure. Key physicochemical parameters critical for chemical analysis include:
| Parameter | Value / Description |
|---|---|
| Molecular Formula | C₉H₁₆O₄ |
| CAS Number | 123-99-9 |
| Molecular Weight | 188.22 g/mol |
| Melting Point | 106–111 °C |
| Solubility (water, 20°C) | ~2.14 g/L |
| pKa₁ / pKa₂ | 4.55 / 5.33 |
| BNF Purity Grade | ≥99.0% (HPLC) |
| Appearance | White to off-white crystalline powder |
These properties make azelaic acid a highly tractable analyte in reversed-phase HPLC, ion-exchange chromatography, and capillary electrophoresis. Its two ionizable carboxyl groups allow precise pH-dependent separation in complex matrices, which is exploited in multi-component dicarboxylic acid profiling of biological fluids, environmental samples, and polymer intermediates.
The growing commercial and industrial significance of azelaic acid BNF for chemical analysis
From pharmaceutical QC to environmental monitoring — the multifaceted analytical roles of azelaic acid
As a BNF-listed API, azelaic acid is routinely analyzed using validated HPLC and GC methods in pharmaceutical manufacturing. It serves as both the active ingredient and a reference standard for related substance testing, dissolution profiling, and stability studies in dermatological formulations including creams and gels.
Azelaic acid is a key monomer in the synthesis of nylon-6,9 and specialty polyamides. Chemical analysis of polymerization reaction streams uses azelaic acid as a quantitative marker to monitor conversion rates, molecular weight distribution, and end-group concentration via titration and GPC methods.
Azelaic acid is a well-established tracer compound in atmospheric aerosol chemistry. Its presence in particulate matter (PM2.5) is analyzed by ion chromatography and LC-MS/MS to assess biogenic secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation, making it critical in air quality monitoring and climate research.
High-purity azelaic acid BNF is widely used as a certified reference material (CRM) for calibrating analytical instruments. Its sharp melting point and well-characterized spectral data (IR, NMR, MS) make it invaluable for method validation, proficiency testing, and interlaboratory comparison studies.
Azelaic acid esters (e.g., dioctyl azelate, DOZ) are important synthetic lubricants and plasticizers. Chemical analysis of these derivatives relies on azelaic acid as a hydrolysis product reference, enabling GC-FID and LC-UV methods for quality assurance in automotive, aerospace, and food-contact material industries.
Emerging research in solid-state electrolytes and organic battery systems leverages azelaic acid's dicarboxylic backbone for crosslinking polymer electrolytes. Analytical methods including NMR spectroscopy and thermal analysis (DSC/TGA) are used to characterize azelaic acid incorporation and its effect on ionic conductivity.
Key market forces and technological developments shaping the future of azelaic acid in chemical analysis
The global push toward sustainable chemistry is accelerating the adoption of bio-based azelaic acid derived from oleic acid via ozonolysis or enzymatic oxidation. Analytical methods are evolving to distinguish bio-based from petrochemical-derived material using isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) and carbon-14 dating, opening new quality assurance requirements for green-certified products.
The dermatology market's rapid growth — driven by rising acne, rosacea, and hyperpigmentation treatment demand — is boosting BNF-grade azelaic acid consumption globally. Regulatory requirements from EMA, FDA, and NMPA for stringent impurity profiling are driving demand for ultra-high-purity analytical standards, creating significant growth in the reference material segment.
Modern chemical analysis laboratories are integrating automated sample preparation systems and high-throughput UHPLC platforms for azelaic acid quantification. AI-driven data processing and machine learning-based spectral interpretation are reducing analysis time from hours to minutes, enabling real-time process analytical technology (PAT) in pharmaceutical and polymer manufacturing.
Blockchain-based supply chain management is being adopted by leading chemical suppliers to provide full traceability of azelaic acid from raw material sourcing to final product delivery. This is particularly important for BNF-grade material where chain of custody documentation is required for regulatory submissions, and where analytical certificates of analysis must be cryptographically verifiable.
Market Intelligence: The global dicarboxylic acids market, of which azelaic acid is a major segment, is projected to exceed USD 1.2 billion by 2030. The chemical analysis and reference standard sub-segment is growing at over 9% CAGR, driven by pharmaceutical regulatory tightening and expanded environmental monitoring programs across Asia-Pacific and Europe.
JIMPOCHEM CO., LTD was established in 2010 and is headquartered in the Chemical Industry Park of Jinan City, Shandong Province. The company covers an area of over 500 acres and is a professional chemical raw material manufacturer that integrates research and development, production, sales, and technical services. Its core focus is on high-end fine chemicals and cosmetic raw materials. We have obtained multiple product related certifications, including ISO quality system certification and environmental management system certification, and are committed to providing high-quality chemical products and one-stop procurement service solutions to global customers.
Our core team comprises experts with over 10 years of experience in the chemical industry. This enables us not only to provide professional products but also to offer solutions in product development, formula optimization, and supply chain management, meeting the personalized needs of diverse clients. We provide high-quality products and services, and our products are exported to over 200 countries and regions in Europe, America, Southeast Asia, the Middle East, and Oceania, serving more than 5,000 international companies. We have also established long-term strategic partnerships with many internationally renowned chemical companies, becoming a trusted "designated chemical service provider" for numerous clients.
Why global chemical analysis laboratories and industrial clients choose JIMPOCHEM
Leveraging years of industry experience, we have established stable raw material procurement channels and partnered with top global chemical raw material suppliers, ensuring stable raw material quality and ample supply. Our modern production base employs an intelligent control system to automate and digitally manage the production process, balancing large-scale production with flexible customization needs. This allows for rapid response to large-volume orders and personalized product requests from our clients.
Our quality management system is built to meet the highest international standards. Every batch of azelaic acid BNF-grade product undergoes comprehensive analytical testing including HPLC purity assay, GC residual solvent analysis, heavy metal screening, and microbiological testing where applicable. Our in-house analytical laboratory is equipped with state-of-the-art instrumentation to ensure every Certificate of Analysis reflects true product quality, providing the traceability and documentation required by pharmaceutical and industrial clients globally.
JIMPOCHEM is committed to sustainable chemical manufacturing. Our production processes for azelaic acid and related dicarboxylic acids are continuously optimized to reduce waste generation, minimize energy consumption, and lower carbon footprint. We hold environmental management system certification and actively participate in green chemistry initiatives, ensuring our products meet the evolving environmental standards of global markets including REACH compliance in Europe and EPA guidelines in North America.
End-to-end support for azelaic acid BNF procurement, analysis, and application development
Our technical team provides one-on-one dedicated service tailored to the specific needs of clients across different industries and application scenarios. From product selection and formulation adjustments to application testing, we create customized chemical solutions to meet each client's actual requirements, helping them optimize production processes, reduce costs, and enhance product competitiveness.
Leveraging a comprehensive logistics network, we have established long-term partnerships with professional chemical logistics companies, offering a variety of transportation options including sea, air, and land transport to ensure safe and timely delivery of products worldwide. Simultaneously, we have established an intelligent inventory management system, ensuring readily available stock of regular products and rapid response to special orders, shortening customer procurement cycles.
We have established a professional after-sales service team and implement a 24/7 response mechanism. Customers can contact us by phone, email, or online consultation for any problems encountered during product use, and the after-sales team will provide a solution in the shortest possible time. At the same time, we conduct regular customer follow-ups to collect customer feedback and continuously optimize product and service quality.
Vision: To become a leading global provider of chemical solutions, leading technological innovation and green development in the industry.
JIMPOCHEM adheres to the core values of "integrity, innovation, professionalism, and win-win cooperation," providing efficient services to create long-term value for every partner. We look forward to working hand in hand with global partners to create a better future!
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